Court of High Commission. Hist. Eccles. law. A tribunal responsible for inquiring into religious offenses such as the holding of heretical opinions, and absence from church. • Functioning as a court, the High Commission also prosecuted violations of the Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity (1559), the statutes that gave the Crown supreme power over the […]
court of high commission Read More »
Court of High Commission in Scotland 苏格兰宗教事务高等法院 1610年詹姆士六世为推行他在苏格兰强制实行教会主教制政策而设立两个宗教事务高级法院，旨在惩罚教会人员的犯罪。每院由一名大主教主持，由教俗人员组成，权力广泛。1615年两院合并，1638年废除，1664年再度恢复，但很快被终止。
Court of High Commission in Scotland Read More »
Court of High Commission 〈英〉宗教事务高等法院(委员会) 16世纪由王室设立，用以实施有关宗教改革协定的法律以及对教会实行监督的教会法院。依据《君主至上法》〔Act of Supremacy〕和《礼拜仪式统一法》〔Act of Uniformity〕，英国君主是教会的最高首脑，拥有最高宗教管辖权，其任命的钦差专员〔commissioners〕有广泛的权力实施两个法令，处理宗教违法行为和压制危害国教的运动。他们行使权力时要听从枢密院的指示并受其监督。约1580年左右，若干钦差专员组成了一个长期固定的委员会审理普通教会法不受理的诉状，成为担负司法职能的常设机构，史称宗教事务高等法院。该法院的司法程序完全奠基于教会法而非普通法，委员中既有神职人员也有俗人，他们遍布全国以保证教会法的统一实施。该法院与星室法院和枢密院关系密切，它曾因其权力和效率成为广受欢迎的法院，但也是有争议的镇压不承认国教者的工具。最终摧毁该法院的反对力量主要来自清教派、普通法及其法官。1641年它被撤销，1689年《权利法案》〔Bill of Rights〕斥之为「非法」和「有害」而被废除。
Court of High Commission Read More »
Hist. Eccles. law. A tribunal responsible for inquiring into religious offenses such as the holding of heretical opinions, and absence from church. • Functioning as a court, the High Commission also prosecuted violations of the Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity (1559), the statutes that gave the Crown supreme power over the Church of England. The
Court of High Commission Read More »
judicial-tenure commission. A commission that reviews complaints against judges, investigates those complaints, and makes recommendations about appropriate measures to the highest court in the jurisdiction. [Cases: Judges 11. C.J.S. Judges §§ 29, 40–41.]
judicial tenure commission Read More »
court-martial, n. An ad hoc military court convened under military authority to try someone accused of violating the Uniform Code of Military Justice, particularly a member of the armed forces. [Cases: Armed Services 42; Military Justice 870–898. C.J.S. Armed Services § 166; Military Justice §§ 13, 138–158.] Pl. courts-martial. — court-martial, vb. “[C]ourts-martial are not
High Court of Justiciary 〈苏格兰〉高等刑事法院 苏格兰的最高刑事法院，1672年设立，由最高法院院长〔Lord Justice-General〕、副院长〔Lord Justice Clerk〕和5名常任法官〔Lords Commissioners of Justiciary〕组成。它的司法管辖权涉及到任何在苏格兰领土内实施的犯罪、在领水内发生的犯罪、以及在公海上发生的海盗行为。只有该法院有权审理叛国罪、谋杀罪、强奸罪、治安法官的渎职罪、泄露官方秘密罪、邮递员非法占有他人信件罪及其他一些案件。高等刑事法院有三种职能：１作为审判庭审理案件；２作为上诉法庭审理来自郡法院和其他低级法院的即决案件的上诉；３作为上诉法庭审理来自高等刑事法院和郡长法庭的按起诉程序审理的案件的上诉。高等刑事法院的判决在苏格兰刑事制度以及刑事诉讼规则中是最重要的。按照《程序条例》〔Act of Adjournal〕高等刑事法院的法官有权为调整刑事诉讼程序制定规则。
High Court of Justiciary Read More »
Court of Delegates. Hist. Eccles. law. A court serving as the final court of appeal for admiralty and ecclesiastical matters. • The Court was established in 1534 to serve in the stead of the Papal Curia when the English Church severed its ties with the Papacy. Six delegates, appointed to hear only one case, made
court of delegates Read More »
Lords Commissioners of Justiciary 〈苏格兰〉高等法院法官 指高等刑事法院〔High Court of Justiciary〕，即最高刑事法院的法官和1887年以后最高民事法院〔Court of Session〕的法官。
Lords Commissioners of Justiciary Read More »
Court of Oyer and Terminer (oy-[schwa]r an[d] t[schwa]r-m[schwa]-n[ schwa]r). 1. Hist. An assize court commissioned by the Crown to pass through the counties two or more times a year and hear felonies and treason cases. • The judges sat by virtue of several commissions, each of which, strictly speaking, created a separate and distinct court.
court of oyer and terminer Read More »